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QRZ! Ham Radio 11
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TNC2MDM6.TXT
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1988-07-15
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APPENDIX F
MFJ-1278 CW MODEM TUNEUP PROCEDURE
The CW modem in the 1278 is fundamentally different from the
other modems. It is NOT an AFSK modem. It sends and
receives only 1 tone. For this reason, it requires a
different alignment procedure than the others.
Depending on which of several modes of operation is most
important to you, a choice will have to be made as to what
frequency will be used for the modem Fc, and whether or not
the modulator will be aligned to the same frequency as the
demodulator.
NOTE! If the modulator AND demodulator are not EXACTLY on
the same frequency for BOTH stations involved in
VHF FM MCW operation, CW receive will be degraded
if not eliminated.
NOTE! If the DEMODULATOR is not EXACTLY centered in the
receiver's CW filter passband, CW receive
performance through a narrow filter will be
degraded. Also, the demodulator will likely not be
receiving on the transmitted signal frequency.
This note is for the HF direct keyed radio case
(NOT MCW via SSB transmitter microphone audio which
is discouraged).
NOTE! Since the modulator tone used for MCW is also one
of the SSTV transmit tones, it will have to be set
for 850 Hz if SSTV mode is important to you. This
will mean that MCW receive will not work if the
demodulator is aligned to a different frequency for
HF CW work through a narrow filter. Code practice
transmissions on VHF FM MCW with an 850 Hz tone
will still be possible.
As can be seen from the above notes, there are definitely
some conflicting requirements. Since MCW operation is
primarily intended to provide a means to transmit code
practice and not for CW reception, the demodulator center
frequency may be set to a different frequency than the
modulator without penalty in most cases. Typically, the
modulator will be set to 850 Hz, and the demodulator will be
set to whatever frequency is dictated by the HF radio with
which it is to be used.
The CW demodulator can be used without a narrow filter in
the radio. It will of course be subject to more noise and
QRM in this case. The tuning range for the demodulator will
be VERY restricted even though the wide filter is used in
the radio since the demodulator itself acts as a very narrow
filter.
An oscilloscope will be required to adjust the demodulator
to a 50 percent duty cycle square wave output just as for
the AFSK demodulators. The difference is that there will be
only 1 continuous tone presented to the demodulator for this
adjustment.
Tuning this modem is basically a 4 step procedure. The
steps should be followed in the order presented. The steps
(in broad outline) are:
1. Determine the required demodulator Fc for the radio you
intend using in the direct keyed CW mode.
2. Set the CW modulator tone to this frequency.
3. Set the demodulator center frequency using the modulator
tone as reference.
4. If you care about 2 tone SSTV, set the modulator tone to
850 Hz.
DETAILED ALIGNMENT PROCEDURE
1. Determine the required Fc for the demodulator. If the
radio has a narrow filter for CW, one of the 2 methods
presented in the AFSK modem alignment procedure should
be used to determine the filter center frequency. This
frequency should be used for Fc. If the radio has no
narrow CW filter, use the CW carrier offset frequency of
the radio. This information should be available in the
radio manuals.
2. Set the modulator tone to the required Fc using the
following procedure.
a. Command the 1278 into MCW mode by typing "MODE MC
<CR>".
b. Install push on jumper at JMP-4. This is the watchdog
timer defeat jumper.
c. Connect the counter input to JMP 9, pin 1.
d. Command the TNC into calibrate mode by typing "CAL
<CR>".
e. Command the TNC to key the modem by typing "K".
f. Select the MCW tone by pressing the space bar until a
voltmeter connected to U16, pin 9 reads + 5 volts.
This signal is more conveniently available at the
junction of Q12 collector and R62.
g. Adjust R129 until the counter indicates the intended
tone frequency as determined above.
h. Return the 1278 to command mode by typing "Q".
NOTE! The internal calibration routine can be used instead
of the counter to set this tone as described in the
AFSK modem alignment procedure.
3. Align the demodulator to Fc using the MCW tone. Use the
following procedure.
a. Place a push on jumper at JMP 7. This connects the
modulator output to the demodulator input.
b. Place a 'scope probe on left pin of JMP 10 (pin
closest to Q 14). The oscilloscope will be used as
described in appendix A to inticate when the square
wave that will appear at this point during the
adjustment procedure approaches 50 percent duty cycle.
c. Command the TNC into calibrate mode by typing "CAL
<CR>".
d. Command the TNC to key the modem by typing "K".
e. Select the MCW tone by pressing the space bar until a
voltmeter connected to U16, pin 9 reads + 5 volts.
This signal is more conveniently available at the
junction of Q12 collector and R62.
f. Turn R115 fully clockwise, until a click can be heard
from turning the pot. g. Now begin to rotate R115
CCW slowly. Watch the 'scope while rotating R115. A
stable square wave should appear between about turn 4
and turn 9. Which turn on the pot where you find the
spot that produces a stable square wave may vary from
unit to unit. There are only about 1 to 2 turns where
the square ware will appear on the scope.
h. Adjust R115 so the square wave displayed has a 50
percent duty cycle. Note that when R115 is adjusted
properly, the period of the square wave should be
about 0.66 milliseconds.
NOTE! If you have a square wave on the 'scope face but the
tuning indicator is not near center, you are on a
false setting. adjust R115 so that the tuning
indicator is near center and THEN set the square
wave duty cycle.
4A. If 2 tone SSTV is of importance to you, use the above
procedure to reset the MCW modulator tone to 850 Hz.
4B. If MCW transcieve operation with another station is
desired, do the above procedure to BOTH 1278s using an
agreed upon frequency for Fc. Then leave the modulator
tone on the agreed on frequency with the demodulator
Fc.
This completes the CW modem alignment procedure.